Sacro-iliac Joint (SIJ) Dysfunction

Sacroiliac (SI) joint pain is a common yet often misunderstood condition that can cause significant discomfort in the lower back, pelvic and gluteal region. The sacroiliac joint, located where the spine meets the pelvis, plays a crucial role in transferring forces between the trunk and lower limbs. When this joint becomes inflamed or experiences mechanical dysfunction, it can lead to localised pain in the lower back, hips, buttocks, or groin. In some cases, the pain may radiate down the legs, making it difficult to walk, sit or perform everyday activities.

The causes of sacroiliac joint dysfunction vary muscle imbalances, injury, or repetitive stress. Individuals who experience SI joint pain may find that it worsens with certain movements like getting in and out the car, dressing, using stairs, prolonged sitting etc.

Physiotherapy offers an effective solution for managing and alleviating sacroiliac pain. A physiotherapist will begin by assessing posture, muscle strength, flexibility, and movement patterns to identify any factors contributing to the discomfort. Based on this evaluation, they will develop a personalised treatment plan to address the underlying issues.

Common physiotherapy techniques for managing SI joint pain include manual therapy (such as joint mobilisations), stretching, strengthening exercises, and fitting of support belts if indicated. Manual therapy can help restore proper movement around the SI joint, while targeted exercises strengthen the muscles surrounding the pelvis and lower back, providing better support and stability. Additionally, physiotherapists will educate patients on proper body mechanics and ergonomic adjustments to minimise strain on the joint during daily activities.

By improving joint play, enhancing muscle function, and teaching preventative strategies, physiotherapy helps individuals regain pain-free movement and reduce the likelihood of future flare-ups, leading to improved overall function and quality of life.